What type of sounds do the base of the cochlea primarily respond to?

The base of the cochlea primarily responds to high frequency sounds due to its structural characteristics and the mechanics of sound wave propagation within the cochlear system. The cochlea is a spiral-shaped organ where different parts are tuned to respond to different frequencies of sound.

At the base of the cochlea, the basilar membrane is narrower and stiffer compared to the apex, which allows it to vibrate more vigorously in response to higher frequency sound waves. This anatomical organization is crucial for sound discrimination, enabling humans to perceive a wide range of frequencies effectively.

In contrast, lower frequency sounds are detected further along the cochlea towards the apex, where the basilar membrane is broader and more flexible, facilitating its response to these lower frequencies. Therefore, the function and design of the cochlea ensure that high frequency sounds are predominantly processed near the base, making it the correct answer to the question.