What is tympanosclerosis characterized by?

Tympanosclerosis is characterized by the presence of white, chalky calcium deposits on the eardrum. This condition generally results from chronic inflammation or repeated infections of the middle ear, leading to scarring and calcification of the tympanic membrane (eardrum). Over time, these deposits form and can affect the mobility of the eardrum, potentially causing hearing loss.

The other choices describe different conditions or characteristics unrelated to tympanosclerosis. Fluid accumulation in the middle ear typically refers to otitis media, while increased elasticity of the eardrum does not apply as tympanosclerosis is associated with decreased mobility. The presence of hair cells in the cochlea is related to the inner ear and is not relevant to tympanosclerosis, which affects the outer and middle ear structures.