In a clinical setting, what does a tympanogram help to assess?

A tympanogram is a diagnostic test used to assess the function of the middle ear and the mobility of the tympanic membrane (eardrum). It provides valuable information about the presence of fluid, the condition of the eustachian tube, and the overall integrity of the middle ear system. When evaluating conductive hearing loss, which occurs when sound waves are not effectively conducted through the outer ear canal to the eardrum and the tiny bones of the middle ear, a tympanogram can illustrate whether there is an issue such as middle ear effusion or perforation of the tympanic membrane.

By measuring changes in air pressure within the ear canal and observing how the eardrum reacts, practitioners can determine if there are any obstacles to sound transmission, pointing to conductive hearing loss rather than sensorineural hearing issues. This makes the tympanogram a crucial tool in diagnosing conditions related to the middle ear that can lead to conductive hearing loss.